— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人因疑似糖尿病酮酸中毒(DKA)入院,何項發現最符合此診斷?
A client is admitted with suspected diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which finding is most consistent with this diagnosis?
- ASerum glucose of 150 mg/dL血清葡萄糖150 mg/dL
- BBlood pH of 7.28✓ 正解血液pH值7.28
- CRespiratory rate of 12 breaths/min呼吸頻率12次/分鐘
- DSerum bicarbonate of 28 mEq/L血清碳酸氫鹽28 mEq/L
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
DKA 的臨床定義包含高血糖、代謝性酸中毒與酮體血症。代謝性酸中毒表現為 pH 值小於 7.35 與碳酸氫根濃度下降。7.28 的 pH 值顯示酸中毒,符合 DKA 表現。血糖通常大於 250 mg/dL,呼吸速度因代償酸中毒而增快(Kussmaul breathing)。
The clinical definition of DKA includes hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and ketonemia. Metabolic acidosis is reflected by a pH less than 7.35 and decreased bicarbonate. A pH of 7.28 indicates acidosis consistent with DKA. Blood glucose is usually greater than 250 mg/dL, and the respiratory rate increases to compensate for the acidosis (Kussmaul respirations).
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對於 DKA 的治療流程(輸液、胰島素、鉀離子監測)高度相似,均強調避免低血鉀。