一位喪偶個案對護理師表示：「我不知道沒有他我該怎麼辦。」護理師哪項處置最符合悲傷護理原則？
A nurse is caring for a client who recently lost a spouse. The client mentions, 'I don't know how I will manage without them.' Which nursing intervention reflects the most appropriate stage of grief support?
- AEncourage the client to attend a local support group.鼓勵病人參加當地支持團體。
- BDiscuss the five stages of grief with the client.與病人討論悲傷的五個階段。
- CSuggest the client start cleaning out their spouse's belongings immediately.建議病人立即開始清理配偶的物品。
- DAcknowledge the difficulty of the loss and listen actively.✓ 正解承認喪失的困難性並積極傾聽。
悲傷初期的護理關鍵在於陪伴與同理，個案表達無助感時，展現存在性陪伴（Presence）最為重要。A 為衛教非支持性介入；A 屬於後續照護建議，非第一優先；D 操之過急，強迫個案過早處理物品可能造成心理二度傷害。
In the early stages of grief, the nurse's priority is to provide therapeutic presence and active listening to validate the client's feelings of helplessness. Interventions such as teaching about grief stages or suggesting support groups are more appropriate later in the process, while forcing the client to handle belongings too soon can cause psychological harm. Acknowledging the difficulty of the loss offers immediate emotional support without imposing premature coping strategies.
美國多設有專門的喪親輔導團隊（Bereavement services），台灣則多由安寧病房團隊或社工師主導。