— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師針對雙極性疾患第一型（Bipolar I）的病人進行出院指導，病人與家屬應監測哪些復發徵兆？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client with bipolar I disorder. Which signs of relapse should the client and family monitor? (Select all that apply.)
- ADecreased need for sleep✓ 正解睡眠需求減少
- BIncreased energy and rapid speech✓ 正解精力增加與語速加快
- CFrequent mood swings✓ 正解頻繁的情緒波動
- DIncreased interest in shopping and spending✓ 正解對購物和消費的興趣增加
- EExcessive fatigue and social withdrawal✓ 正解過度疲勞與社交退縮
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
雙極性疾患（Bipolar Disorder）的復發監測是預防急性發作、維持社會功能的關鍵。復發徵兆可分為躁期前兆（如精力過剩、睡眠需求降低、衝動行為）與鬱期前兆（如極度疲勞、社交退縮）。護理指導的核心在於協助病人與家屬建立「行為基線（Baseline）」，一旦觀察到偏離基線的行為模式，應立即聯繫醫療團隊介入，以調整藥物劑量或提供心理支持。
Clients and families should monitor for decreased sleep, increased energy, rapid speech, impulsive spending, and mood swings as early signs of mania, as well as excessive fatigue and social withdrawal as signs of depression. Recognizing these deviations from baseline behavior allows for timely intervention to prevent full-blown episodes of bipolar disorder.