護理師指導一位第一型糖尿病病人足部護理,哪些敘述表示病人已理解?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is teaching a client with Type 1 Diabetes about foot care. Which statements indicate that the client understands the instructions? (Select all that apply.)
- AI will inspect my feet daily for cuts or redness✓ 正解我會每天檢查雙腳是否有割傷或發紅
- BI will soak my feet in hot water every evening我會每天晚上用熱水泡腳
- CI will dry between my toes after bathing✓ 正解洗澡後我會擦乾趾縫
- DI will walk barefoot around the house to let my feet breathe我會在家裡赤腳走動讓雙腳透氣
- EI will trim my toenails straight across✓ 正解我會將指甲直向修剪
核心概念:第一型糖尿病(Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus)的足部護理衛教。 為什麼正確答案 A, C, E 對: A. 每日檢查足部有無割傷、紅腫、水泡或潰瘍,是預防糖尿病足(diabetic foot)損傷的關鍵。早期發現問題能及時處理,避免感染擴散。 C. 糖尿病患者因周邊神經病變(peripheral neuropathy),可能對溫度感覺遲鈍,泡熱水容易燙傷。洗澡後確實擦乾趾縫,可以預防黴菌滋生和皮膚浸潤(maceration),降低感染風險。 E. 修剪指甲時應保持平整(straight across),避免剪傷甲溝周圍的皮膚,減少細菌入侵的機會。若指甲過長或過厚,應由專業人員協助修剪。 為什麼其他選項錯: B. 泡腳(soaking feet)本身並非絕對禁止,但「泡熱水」對糖尿病患有極大風險。若要泡腳,水溫需非常溫和,且需確保病人能感知溫度,否則容易造成燙傷。每日泡熱水尤其危險。 D. 在家中赤腳行走(walking barefoot)會增加足部受到外傷(如被尖銳物刺傷、撞擊)的風險,而糖尿病患的傷口癒合能力較差,一旦受傷可能導致嚴重感染甚至截肢。 臨床思路:此題考量的是「病人教育」與「風險預防」。糖尿病足是常見且嚴重的併發症,護理師的衛教目標是讓病人理解並執行能預防損傷和感染的日常照護行為。
Effective foot care for clients with Type 1 Diabetes includes daily inspections for injuries, thorough drying between toes to prevent fungal infections, and trimming toenails straight across to avoid ingrown nails. Soaking feet in hot water is dangerous due to potential thermal burns from neuropathy, and walking barefoot increases the risk of puncture wounds.