— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師衛教病人如何自行使用吸入器（Inhaler）。下列說明何者最重要？
A nurse is teaching a client about self-administration of an inhaler. What instruction is most important?
- ARinse your mouth after using corticosteroid inhalers✓ 正解使用類固醇吸入器後漱口
- BShake the inhaler before each use每次使用前搖晃吸入器
- CHold breath for 10 seconds after inhalation吸入後憋氣 10 秒
- DExhale completely before inhalation吸入前完全呼氣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
吸入性皮質類固醇（Inhaled Corticosteroids）是治療氣喘或慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）的常用藥物。由於藥物直接作用於口腔與喉嚨黏膜，長期使用容易抑制局部免疫反應，進而導致念珠菌（Candida albicans）感染，即「鵝口瘡（Thrush）」。因此，衛教病人使用後徹底漱口是預防此副作用的最關鍵措施。
Rinsing the mouth after using inhaled corticosteroids is the most critical instruction to prevent oral candidiasis (thrush) and dysphonia, which are common local side effects caused by fungal overgrowth due to local immunosuppression.