— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位髖關節置換術後恢復期的病人。為預防人工關節脫位，應採用哪種姿勢策略？
A client is recovering from a total hip arthroplasty. Which positioning strategy is essential to prevent prosthesis dislocation?
- AMaintain abduction using a pillow between the legs✓ 正解使用枕頭維持雙腿外展
- BFlex the hip beyond 90 degrees使髖關節屈曲超過 90 度
- CKeep the hip flexed at 120 degrees while sitting坐姿時保持髖關節屈曲 120 度
- DCross the legs when sitting in a chair坐椅子時交叉雙腿
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
髖關節置換術（Total hip arthroplasty）術後，預防人工關節脫位（Dislocation）是護理的核心目標。關節脫位通常發生在髖關節過度屈曲、內收或內旋時。術後護理應強調維持患肢外展（Abduction），利用外展枕（Abduction pillow）確保人工髖關節頭穩固地處於髖臼內，直到周圍組織癒合。臨床護理思路應遵循「防護優先」原則，透過姿勢限制來維持人工關節的穩定性。
Maintaining hip abduction with a pillow prevents the femoral head from slipping out of the acetabular cup, thereby reducing the risk of prosthesis dislocation. Hip flexion beyond 90 degrees and leg crossing (adduction) are contraindicated as they increase dislocation risk.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床做法一致，均強調術後使用外展枕及嚴格執行髖關節預防脫位原則（Hip precautions）。