護理師照護一位急性胰臟炎病人。病人主訴劇烈腹痛和噁心。護理師應優先採取哪項措施？
A nurse is caring for a client with acute pancreatitis. The client reports severe abdominal pain and nausea. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?
- AEncourage frequent small sips of clear liquids鼓勵頻繁小口啜飲清流質
- BMonitor intake and output closely密切監測出入量
- CAdminister pain medication✓ 正解給予止痛藥物
- DProvide a low-fat meal提供低脂餐點
急性胰臟炎（Acute Pancreatitis）的病理生理機制涉及胰液溢出導致的自我消化及強烈發炎反應，這會引發難以忍受的腹痛。疼痛本身會刺激交感神經系統，進而增加代謝需求與胰液分泌，形成惡性循環。因此，護理的首要任務是緩解疼痛以降低病人的生理壓力（Stress response）。在 ABC 原則下，雖然呼吸功能亦需監測，但疼痛管理是此階段的核心護理介入。
The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis involves leakage of pancreatic enzymes, leading to autodigestion and an intense inflammatory response, which produces unbearable abdominal pain. The pain itself stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, further increasing metabolic demand and pancreatic enzyme secretion, creating a vicious cycle. Therefore, the priority nursing task is to relieve pain in order to reduce the client's physiological stress response. Within the ABCs, although respiratory function must also be monitored, pain management is the core nursing intervention at this stage.