— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
一位高血鉀症病人,護理師應優先評估下列何者?
A client is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which assessment finding should the nurse prioritize?
- AECG changes✓ 正解心電圖變化
- BBowel sounds腸蠕動音
- CAbdominal cramping腹部絞痛
- DMuscle weakness肌肉無力
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血鉀症(hyperkalemia)最令人擔憂的併發症是心臟電生理傳導異常。鉀離子過高會影響心肌細胞的去極化與再極化過程,進而導致心律不整(如心室顫動或心搏停止)。心電圖(ECG)變化,如高聳 T 波(peaked T waves)、PR 間期延長或 QRS 波變寬,是早期發現致命性心臟事件的關鍵。因此,評估 ECG 是照護高血鉀病人的優先事項。
Hyperkalemia poses the greatest risk for fatal cardiac dysrhythmias by affecting myocardial depolarization and repolarization. Assessing ECG changes, such as peaked T waves or widened QRS complexes, is the priority to detect imminent cardiac arrest.