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降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ

一位 45 歲女性預備接受腦部 MRI 以評估疑似短暫性腦缺血發作(TIA)。術前安全篩檢時,個案提到她 5 年前因心搏過緩接受了永久性心律調節器植入。護理師的優先處置為何?

A 45-year-old female is scheduled for a brain MRI to investigate a suspected transient ischemic attack (TIA). During pre-procedure safety screening, the client mentions she had a permanent pacemaker implanted 5 years ago for bradycardia. What is the nurse's priority action?

  • ADocument the pacemaker in the medical chart, since it is located outside the brain scanning area.
    將心律調節器記錄於病歷中,因其位於腦部掃描區域之外。
  • BAsk the technician to use a 'low-power' MRI setting to safely accommodate the metallic implant.
    請技術人員使用「低功率」MRI 設定,以安全容納金屬植入物。
  • CPlace a lead apron over the chest to shield the device from the magnetic field.
    在胸部放置鉛衣,以隔絕磁場對裝置的影響。
  • DCancel the MRI and notify the provider — traditional cardiac pacemakers are typically a contraindication to MRI; if MRI-conditional model is confirmed, follow specific safety protocol.✓ 正解
    取消 MRI 檢查並通知醫師——傳統心臟心律調節器通常為 MRI 禁忌症;若確認為 MRI 相容型號,則遵循特定安全協議。
Explanation · 中文詳解

MRI 使用強烈磁場(通常 1.5T 或 3T,磁吸力遠高於地球磁場)。傳統含金屬的心律調節器(pacemaker、ICD)暴露於 MRI 磁場可能造成裝置移位、加熱、電氣異常或起搏功能失效,是傳統上的禁忌症。然而現代有「MRI-conditional」型號的調節器可在特定條件下安全進行 MRI,需先確認型號與植入文件,並由心臟科團隊配合協議。在未確認型號前,護理師的優先動作是取消 MRI 並通知醫師(D),由團隊評估替代影像(如 CT)或確認裝置的 MRI 相容性。其他選項錯誤:A 整個房間都暴露於磁場,不能因部位避開;B 鉛衣只擋 X 光,且其本身為金屬會被磁場吸走;D MRI 機器無「低功率」設定可豁免磁場風險。

Traditional cardiac pacemakers are generally contraindicated for MRI due to risks of device displacement, heating, or malfunction. The nurse's priority is to cancel the procedure and notify the provider to verify the device type or arrange alternative imaging, as magnetic fields affect the entire scanning area.

✦ 台美臨床差異

「PACEMAKER (心律調節器) 絕對不准進入 MRI !」是急診、病房、放射科最嚴格的死線守則。全世界任何護理師或技師犯下把裝有金屬起搏器的病患推入 MRI 發生的慘劇,都會上新聞頭版。

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