— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師教導病人舌下含服硝酸甘油以緩解心絞痛。下列何者表示病人已理解指導？
A nurse is teaching a client about sublingual nitroglycerin for angina. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions?
- AI can take up to three tablets, 5 minutes apart✓ 正解我可以每隔 5 分鐘服用一顆，最多三顆
- BI should swallow the pill with a full glass of water我應該用一杯滿的水吞下藥丸
- CIf pain persists after the first pill, I will wait 30 minutes before calling 911如果第一顆藥後疼痛持續，我會等待 30 分鐘再撥打 911
- DI will keep the medication in a clear plastic container我會將藥物存放在透明塑膠容器中
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
舌下含服硝酸甘油（Nitroglycerin）是緩解心絞痛的標準療法。病人必須理解正確用法：若含服一顆後疼痛未緩解，每 5 分鐘可再含一顆，最多三顆。若三顆服用後疼痛仍持續，必須立即呼叫 911。硝酸甘油對光與熱敏感，必須置於原瓶（避光瓶）中，不可與其他藥物混合。服用時應置於舌下讓其自然溶解，不可吞服，否則會被胃酸破壞藥效。
The client demonstrates understanding by stating they can take up to three tablets, five minutes apart, which is the standard emergency protocol for acute angina. Nitroglycerin must be dissolved sublingually rather than swallowed, and it should be stored in its original amber glass container to protect it from light and heat.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理指導中，強調「Calling 911」的時機極為重要，通常建議「服用第一顆後若症狀未改善，5 分鐘後服用第二顆的同時，應立即呼叫救護車」，而非三顆都吃完才叫救護車，以爭取心肌梗塞的搶救時間。