— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位第一型糖尿病病人，測得血糖值為 45 mg/dL。護理師應優先採取何種措施？
A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who is experiencing a blood glucose level of 45 mg/dL. Which action should the nurse perform first?
- AAdminister a subcutaneous insulin injection給予皮下胰島素注射
- BPerform a neurological assessment進行神經學評估
- CAdminister 15g of a rapid-acting carbohydrate✓ 正解給予 15g 快速作用的碳水化合物
- DObtain a venous blood sample for glucose抽取靜脈血液樣本檢測血糖
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血糖（hypoglycemia）是糖尿病護理中的緊急狀況，腦部對葡萄糖極度依賴，必須採取 ABC（Airway, Breathing, Circulation/Glucose）原則優先處理。血糖 45 mg/dL 屬於嚴重低血糖，護理師應立即給予快速吸收的碳水化合物。若病人無法進食，則需考慮靜脈注射葡萄糖（D50W）。
Hypoglycemia is an emergency requiring immediate intervention to prevent neurological damage due to the brain's dependence on glucose. Administering 15 grams of a rapid-acting carbohydrate is the priority action to quickly raise blood sugar levels. While assessment is important, correcting the critical hypoglycemia takes precedence over other interventions.