— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位 70 歲個案詢問如何降低失智症風險。下列何者是有實證依據的建議？
A 70-year-old client asks about reducing the risk of dementia. Which advice is evidence-based?
- ATake daily herbal supplements to boost brain function每日服用草藥補充劑以提升腦部功能
- BReduce physical activity to prevent fatigue減少體力活動以防止疲勞
- CEngage in social and cognitively stimulating activities✓ 正解參與社交和認知刺激活動
- DLimit social interaction to prevent stress限制社交互動以防止壓力
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
降低失智症風險的實證建議強調「認知儲備」（Cognitive reserve）的概念。透過參與社交互動與認知刺激活動（如學習新技能、閱讀、下棋），可以維持大腦神經元間的連結強度，延緩認知衰退。草本補充劑缺乏臨床證據支持。久坐不動與社交孤立反而會加速認知功能下降。護理師應鼓勵長者持續學習並維持活躍的社交生活，這是目前預防失智症最有力的非藥物策略。
Evidence-based strategies for reducing dementia risk focus on building cognitive reserve through regular social interaction and mentally stimulating activities. These actions help maintain neural connections and delay cognitive decline, whereas herbal supplements lack clinical support and social isolation increases risk.