— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導老年病人防跌措施。下列哪些應被推薦？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching an elderly client about fall prevention. Which of the following should be recommended? (Select all that apply.)
- AWear non-slip footwear inside the home✓ 正解在家中穿著防滑鞋
- BImprove lighting in hallways and bathrooms✓ 正解改善走廊和浴室的照明
- CRemove electrical cords from walking paths✓ 正解移除行走路徑上的電線
- DUse only low chairs to make standing easier僅使用低矮椅子以方便站立
- EApply grab bars near the toilet✓ 正解在馬桶附近安裝扶手
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高齡者跌倒預防的核心在於「移除環境危險源」與「提升個體穩定性」。正確選項均針對常見跌倒因子（如照明不足、地板障礙物、鞋具不當與如廁困難）進行預防。臨床思路應優先評估居家物理環境，並透過輔具（如扶手）與安全性配備（如防滑鞋）降低風險。過低的椅子會增加起身時的肌肉負荷，容易引發姿勢性低血壓（Orthostatic hypotension）導致頭暈跌倒。
Fall prevention strategies include removing tripping hazards like cords, improving lighting, wearing non-slip footwear, and installing grab bars for support. Low chairs increase fall risk by making standing difficult and potentially causing orthostatic hypotension. Environmental modifications and assistive devices enhance stability and safety for elderly clients.