一位 40 歲男性詢問如何降低心血管疾病風險。護理師應優先建議哪項生活型態調整？
A 40-year-old male asks the nurse about reducing his risk for cardiovascular disease. Which lifestyle change should the nurse prioritize?
- ALimit alcohol consumption to 3 drinks per day將酒精攝取量限制為每天 3 杯
- BIncrease intake of simple carbohydrates增加簡單碳水化合物的攝取
- CMaintain a body mass index (BMI) within the normal range✓ 正解將身體質量指數（BMI）維持在正常範圍內
- DEngage in light stretching for 10 minutes weekly每週進行 10 分鐘的輕度伸展運動
控制體重至正常 BMI 範圍能顯著降低血壓、血脂及糖尿病風險，是預防心血管疾病的基石。限制飲酒應為每日不超過 1-2 杯（A 錯誤），簡單碳水化合物（B）會導致血糖波動，每週運動 10 分鐘（D）量明顯不足，建議至少每週 150 分鐘中強度運動。
Maintaining a body mass index (BMI) within the normal range is a cornerstone of cardiovascular disease prevention, as obesity significantly increases the risk of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. Other options are incorrect because alcohol should be limited to no more than two drinks per day for men, simple carbohydrates can worsen metabolic health, and physical activity guidelines recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week.
美國對於肥胖（BMI）問題的衛教非常直接且強調社區資源介入；台灣則常結合營養師諮詢。