一位55歲男性接受結腸造口手術後第二天。生命徵象為血壓 120/75 mmHg、心跳 78次/分、血氧 97%。目前病房人力吃緊。註冊護理師(RN)可以安全地將下列哪一項具體任務交辦給無照護理佐理員(UAP)?
A 55-year-old male is postoperative day 2 following a colostomy placement. Vital signs are BP 120/75 mmHg, HR 78 bpm, and SpO2 97%. The unit is short-staffed. Which exact task can the registered nurse (RN) safely delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?
- AAssess the stoma site for proper perfusion and skin integrity around the barrier.評估造口部位的血液灌流狀況及造口貼周圍的皮膚完整性
- BEvaluate the patient's psychological readiness to view the new stoma.評估病人觀看新造口的心理準備程度
- CEmpty the colostomy pouch when it is one-third full and record the output amount.✓ 正解當造口袋裝滿三分之一時倒空並記錄排出量
- DPerform the first pouch dressing change to demonstrate the procedure.執行第一次造口袋更換以示範程序
本題測試護理事前交辦(Delegation)的原則。根據 NCSBN 的交辦準則,RN 不能將涉及「評估(Assessment)、衛教(Teaching)、或者需要臨床護理判斷」的任務交給 UAP。選項B涉及心理狀態的評估,超出了 UAP 的範圍。選項A需要評估造口灌流狀況(觀察是否有發紺或壞死)與皮膚完整性,屬於 RN 的專屬評估責任。選項D為第一次造口敷料更換與衛教示範,這屬於高度技術性及患者衛教,必須由 RN 執行。選項C(倒空造口袋並記錄引流量)屬於非侵入性且常規的勞務工作,不涉及臨床判斷,在病患血液動力學穩定(BP 120/75 mmHg)的前提下,交辦給 UAP 是極其安全且適當的。
According to delegation principles, Registered Nurses (RNs) must retain tasks involving assessment, teaching, and clinical judgment. Emptying a colostomy pouch and recording output is a routine, non-invasive task that does not require professional nursing judgment, making it safe to delegate to Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP).
美國 NCLEX 嚴格區分 RN、LPN 與 UAP 的特定任務交辦;在台灣,類似 UAP 的護佐(病房助理)多負責翻身擦澡或倒排泄物,造口倒空及紀錄多數情況下仍需由台灣護理師或家屬親自執行,實務界線因各醫院政策而有微調。