— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備經靜脈輸液管路給藥，哪一步驟對感染控制最重要？
A nurse is preparing to administer medication via an IV line. Which step is most important for infection control?
- AChanging the tubing every 24 hours每 24 小時更換管路
- BVerifying the medication with a second nurse由第二位護理師核對藥物
- CCleaning the IV port with alcohol for 15 seconds✓ 正解以酒精清潔靜脈注射端口 15 秒
- DDonning sterile gloves戴上無菌手套
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈輸液接口（IV port/hub）是病原體進入血液循環的直接途徑，極易引起導管相關血液感染（CRBSI）。臨床實證顯示，透過機械性摩擦（Scrub the hub）並使用抗菌劑（如酒精或 Chlorhexidine）擦拭接口，能破壞細菌生物膜（Biofilm）並移除微生物，是給藥流程中預防感染的最關鍵步驟。
Cleaning the IV port with alcohol using mechanical friction for at least 15 seconds is the most critical step for infection control, as it disrupts bacterial biofilms and reduces the risk of catheter-related bloodstream infections. While other steps are important for medication safety or maintenance, rigorous hub disinfection directly prevents pathogen entry into the vascular system.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國臨床極度強調 "Scrub the hub" 的動作，許多醫院要求使用 Chlorhexidine 酒精棉片，且對於擦拭時間（15秒）與乾燥時間的執行非常嚴謹。