慢性腎臟病（CKD）病患應避免下列哪種飲食攝取？

慢性腎臟病患因腎小球過濾功能下降，無法有效代謝鉀離子，極易導致高血鉀。高血鉀會引發嚴重的心律不整甚至猝死，因此限制高鉀食物（如香蕉、柑橘、深綠色蔬菜）為飲食衛教首要項目。其他選項如碳水化合物或脂肪雖需節制，但非導致立即死亡的關鍵。

Patients with chronic kidney disease have decreased glomerular filtration function and cannot effectively excrete potassium, making them prone to hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia can trigger severe arrhythmias or even sudden death; therefore, restricting high-potassium foods (such as bananas, citrus, and dark green vegetables) is the primary focus of dietary education. Other options such as carbohydrates and fats may need moderation but are not the key factor in immediate mortality.

美台對 CKD 的飲食指導原則一致，皆重視低鉀、低磷、低蛋白飲食的管理。