一位慢性腎衰竭病人的血磷值為 5.8 mg/dL。護理師應預期給予下列哪種藥物？
A client with chronic renal failure has a phosphorus level of 5.8 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering?
- ACalcium carbonate✓ 正解碳酸鈣
- BPotassium chloride氯化鉀
- CFurosemide速尿
- DMagnesium hydroxide氫氧化鎂
慢性腎衰竭（Chronic Kidney Disease, CKD）病人因腎臟排泄磷能力下降，導致高磷血症（Hyperphosphatemia）。高磷會與血鈣結合，進一步導致低血鈣，並刺激副甲狀腺素分泌。碳酸鈣（Calcium carbonate）是一種磷結合劑（Phosphate binder），在隨餐服用時可與飲食中的磷在腸道結合，形成不溶性的磷酸鈣並隨糞便排出，降低血磷。
Clients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) develop hyperphosphatemia because of decreased renal phosphorus excretion. Elevated phosphorus binds with serum calcium, leading to hypocalcemia and stimulating parathyroid hormone secretion. Calcium carbonate is a phosphate binder; when taken with meals, it binds dietary phosphorus in the gastrointestinal tract to form insoluble calcium phosphate, which is excreted in the stool, thereby lowering serum phosphorus.
在美國臨床，除了碳酸鈣，常見的磷結合劑還包括醋酸鈣（Calcium acetate）或不含鈣的 Sevelamer，護理師需確認醫囑。