— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人剛進行全髖關節置換手術，下列哪項護理措施為最高優先級？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which intervention is the highest priority?
- AMonitor the surgical site for drainage監測手術部位是否有滲出液
- BInstruct the client on hip precautions指導病人髖關節注意事項
- CPrevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT)✓ 正解預防深層靜脈血栓（DVT）
- DAdminister pain medication給予止痛藥物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全髖關節手術後的病人極易發生深部靜脈血栓（DVT），這可能導致致命的肺栓塞。儘管傷口照護、止痛與衛教很重要，但在術後早期階段，預防靜脈血栓（透過抗凝血劑、早期活動與腿部循環運動）是生命威脅預防的第一優先任務。
Clients who have undergone total hip arthroplasty are at very high risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which can lead to fatal pulmonary embolism. Although wound care, pain management, and patient teaching are important, in the early postoperative period the prevention of venous thromboembolism (through anticoagulants, early mobilization, and leg circulation exercises) is the top priority for preventing life-threatening complications.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師在預防 DVT 的 protocol 執行上更加主動，包括硬性規定使用氣壓式小腿加壓器（SCDs）。