— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
個案正在經歷恐慌發作，下列哪項護理措施最合適？
A client is experiencing a panic attack. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
- ALeave the client alone to let them calm down.讓病人獨處以使其平靜下來。
- BEncourage the client to take deep, rapid breaths.鼓勵病人進行深而快的呼吸。
- CAsk the client to analyze why they are panicked.詢問病人分析其恐慌的原因。
- DSpeak in short, simple sentences.✓ 正解使用簡短、簡單的句子說話。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
恐慌發作時，個案認知功能下降，護理師應給予簡短、具穩定性的指令。C 選項分析原因會增加個案負擔；A 選項個案此時需要安全感與陪伴；B 選項 rapid breaths 會加劇換氣過度，應改為緩慢的腹式呼吸。
During a panic attack, the client's cognitive function is diminished, and the nurse should provide brief, stabilizing directions. Option C (analyzing the cause) increases the client's burden; option A is incorrect because the client needs safety and companionship at this time; option B (rapid breaths) worsens hyperventilation and should be changed to slow abdominal breathing.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美均強調恐慌發作的陪伴與呼吸引導；美國更常使用紙袋或閉口呼吸等技巧，台灣臨床則更注重藥物（如 BZD）的即時給予。