一位思覺失調症病人出現社交退縮、眼神接觸減少及貧乏言語等症狀，這些屬於哪一類臨床表現？
A client with schizophrenia is exhibiting signs of social withdrawal, limited eye contact, and poverty of speech. These symptoms represent which clinical category?
- AAffective symptoms情緒症狀
- BNegative symptoms✓ 正解陰性症狀
- CCognitive deficits認知缺陷
- DPositive symptoms陽性症狀
思覺失調症的症狀分為陽性與陰性。陽性症狀包括幻覺、妄想與混亂言語；陰性症狀則指功能的喪失或減弱，如情感淡漠、退縮、意志減退及言語貧乏。題幹描述的均為功能喪失的表現，故正確歸類為陰性症狀。這類症狀通常對傳統抗精神病藥物的反應較差。
Schizophrenia symptoms are divided into positive and negative categories. Positive symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech; negative symptoms refer to the loss or reduction of function, such as flat affect, withdrawal, avolition, and poverty of speech. The findings in the stem all describe loss of function and are therefore classified as negative symptoms. These symptoms typically respond less well to traditional antipsychotic medications.
台灣醫院常使用陽性與陰性症狀量表（PANSS）進行評估，護理師在臨床觀察中常需協助量表填寫。