— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
病人入院時血鉀濃度為 6.8 mEq/L，護理師應預期看到哪種心電圖變化？
A client is admitted with a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. Which EKG finding should the nurse anticipate?
- AFlattened T wavesT 波平坦
- BTall, peaked T waves✓ 正解高聳且尖銳的 T 波
- CProlonged QT intervalQT 間期延長
- DProminent U waves明顯的 U 波
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血鉀（Hyperkalemia）會導致心肌電生理異常。當血鉀 > 6.0 mEq/L 時，心電圖常見 tall, peaked T waves（高尖 T 波）。若持續升高，會出現 PR 間期延長、QRS 波變寬及 P 波消失。U 波常見於低血鉀；QT 延長常見於低鈣或低鎂。
Hyperkalemia causes abnormal cardiac electrophysiology. When serum potassium exceeds 6.0 mEq/L, tall, peaked T waves are commonly seen on EKG. If levels continue to rise, prolonged PR interval, widened QRS complexes, and loss of P waves may occur. U waves are typically seen with hypokalemia, while QT prolongation is commonly associated with hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常需依據電解質結果立即啟動高血鉀緊急處置 protocol，台灣則多需與主治醫師確認治療用藥。