— 降低風險 · HARD · SATA —
病人診斷為急性胰臟炎。護理師預期會發現哪些實驗室結果？（選所有適合的）
A client is diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse expect to find? (Select all that apply.)
- AElevated serum amylase✓ 正解血清澱粉酶升高。
- BDecreased serum lipase血清脂肪酶降低。
- CElevated white blood cell count✓ 正解白血球計數升高。
- DDecreased serum calcium✓ 正解血清鈣離子降低。
- EElevated serum glucose✓ 正解血清葡萄糖升高。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎（acute pancreatitis）是一種胰臟發炎的疾病，可能由膽結石、酒精濫用或其他原因引起。胰臟炎會導致胰臟消化酶（如澱粉酶和脂肪酶）被活化並開始消化胰臟自身組織，引起嚴重的炎症反應和全身性影響。護理師在照護急性胰臟炎病人時，應預期會出現一系列特定的實驗室結果，這些結果有助於診斷、評估疾病嚴重程度及監測併發症。 核心概念在於理解胰臟功能受損對消化酶、炎症反應、電解質和血糖調節的影響。這些實驗室數據的異常是疾病病理生理變化的直接反映。
Acute pancreatitis typically causes elevated serum amylase and lipase, leukocytosis due to inflammation, hypocalcemia from fat necrosis, and hyperglycemia from impaired insulin release. These laboratory findings reflect the systemic inflammatory response and pancreatic tissue damage associated with the condition.