— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師準備靜脈輸注氯化鉀，下列哪些措施是為了預防給藥錯誤？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride intravenously. Which of the following actions is necessary to prevent medication errors? (Select all that apply.)
- AVerify the concentration is diluted according to facility policy✓ 正解確認濃度已依機構政策稀釋
- BEnsure the IV site is patent to prevent infiltration✓ 正解確保靜脈通路暢通以預防滲出
- CAdminister the dose as an IV push for rapid correction為快速糾正而進行靜脈推注
- DUse an infusion pump to control the rate✓ 正解使用輸液幫浦控制流速
- ELabel the IV bag clearly as containing potassium✓ 正解清楚標示靜脈輸液袋含有鉀離子
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀為高警訊藥物（High-Alert Medication）。必須稀釋並透過輸液幫浦定量給予，絕不可直接靜脈推注（IV push），否則會導致心跳停止。確保管路通暢可避免藥物外滲造成組織壞死，完整標示則能避免混淆。
Potassium chloride is a high-alert medication that must be diluted according to facility policy and administered via an infusion pump to ensure a safe, controlled rate. It is critical to verify IV site patency to prevent tissue necrosis from extravasation and to clearly label the bag to avoid accidental rapid infusion, as IV push administration can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床對於高警訊藥物給藥標準相似，但美國多強制規定必須有獨立雙人核對（double-check）制度。