— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位髖關節置換術後病人，哪項介入措施對於降低深層靜脈血栓（DVT）風險最有效？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a hip arthroplasty. Which intervention is most effective in reducing the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
- APerforming passive range of motion exercises執行被動關節活動範圍運動
- BEncouraging early and frequent ambulation✓ 正解鼓勵早期且頻繁的下床活動
- CAdministering prescribed prophylactic anticoagulants給予處方之預防性抗凝血劑
- DApplying elastic compression stockings穿戴彈性加壓襪
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
髖關節置換術後，病人因術後疼痛與行動不便，極易發生靜脈鬱滯，進而引發深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）。早期下床活動（Early ambulation）透過小腿肌肉泵（Muscle pump）作用，能最有效促進靜脈血液回流，是預防血栓最核心的措施。雖抗凝血藥物與彈性襪有輔助效果，但主動性的肌肉收縮與肢體活動對於預防靜脈鬱滯效果最為顯著。
Early and frequent ambulation is the most effective intervention for preventing deep vein thrombosis because active muscle contraction promotes venous return and prevents blood stasis.