病人獲開立靜脈注射氯化鉀 20 mEq。護理師給藥前最關鍵的行動為何？
A client is prescribed intravenous potassium chloride 20 mEq. Which nursing action is most critical before administration?
- AEnsure the infusion pump is programmed correctly確保輸注幫浦設定正確
- BAssess the patency of the peripheral intravenous line評估周邊靜脈導管的通暢性
- CDilute the medication in at least 100 mL of fluid將藥物稀釋於至少 100 mL 的液體中
- DVerify the client's current serum potassium level✓ 正解核對病人當前的血清鉀濃度
靜脈輸注鉀離子具極高風險，因為高血鉀會引發致命性心律不整（如心室顫動）。給藥前，必須確認病人目前的血鉀濃度。若血鉀已正常或偏高，給藥將導致危險的高血鉀。雖然確保靜脈管路通暢（B）與設定幫浦速率（A）也很重要，但這是在確認「該藥物必須給予」的前提下才需注意的事項。臨床判斷鉀離子給藥的依據是血清檢查報告。
IV administration of potassium carries an extremely high risk because hyperkalemia can trigger lethal dysrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation. Before administration, the client's current serum potassium level must be verified. If the potassium level is already normal or elevated, administration will result in dangerous hyperkalemia. Although ensuring IV line patency (B) and setting the pump rate (A) are also important, these are issues to consider once it has been confirmed that the medication must be given. The clinical decision for potassium administration is based on the serum laboratory report.