護理師對使用華法林（Warfarin）的病人進行指導。病人下列哪些敘述顯示需要進一步衛教？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is educating a client starting on Warfarin therapy. Which statements by the client indicate a need for further teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- AI will increase my intake of green leafy vegetables to ensure I get enough vitamins✓ 正解我會增加綠色葉菜類的攝取，以確保獲得足夠的維生素
- BI will use a soft-bristled toothbrush to prevent gum bleeding我會使用軟毛牙刷以防止牙齦出血
- CI will take an aspirin if I develop a headache while on this medication✓ 正解服藥期間若出現頭痛，我會服用阿斯匹靈
- DI will notify my doctor if I notice any unexplained bruising or nosebleeds若發現不明原因的瘀青或鼻出血，我會通知醫師
- EI should keep my intake of vitamin K-rich foods consistent day-to-day我應保持每日富含維生素K食物的攝取量一致
華法林作用機轉與維生素 K 拮抗，大量攝取深綠色蔬菜會中和藥效，導致 INR 下降。此外，阿斯匹靈具抗血小板凝集作用，與抗凝血劑併用會顯著增加出血風險。病人需了解穩定飲食攝取的重要性及避免未經醫囑併用非類固醇消炎藥。
Warfarin works by antagonizing vitamin K, so large intake of dark green leafy vegetables will counteract the drug effect and lead to a decreased INR. In addition, aspirin has antiplatelet activity, and combined use with an anticoagulant significantly increases the risk of bleeding. Clients must understand the importance of maintaining a consistent dietary intake and avoiding the concurrent use of NSAIDs without medical guidance.
美國有較完善的抗凝血門診（Anticoagulation Clinic）與藥師合作，台灣多由醫師或衛教護理師主導，病人對藥物交互作用的認知度待加強。