— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位艱難梭菌（C. difficile）感染的病人。為防止感染擴散，哪項措施最優先？
A nurse is caring for a client with Clostridioides difficile infection. Which action is the priority to prevent the spread of this infection?
- AUse an alcohol-based hand sanitizer before entering the room進入房間前使用含酒精的洗手液
- BWash hands with soap and water after providing care✓ 正解提供護理後用肥皂和水洗手
- CWear a N95 respirator during all interactions在所有互動期間佩戴 N95 呼吸器
- DMaintain the client in a negative-pressure room讓病人處於負壓病房
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
艱難梭菌會產生芽孢（spores），酒精類乾洗手液無法有效殺滅芽孢，必須使用肥皂及清水洗手，透過物理性的摩擦與沖洗來移除菌株。C 類細菌屬於接觸隔離（Contact Precautions），而非空氣隔離，故不需要 N95 或負壓病房。
Clostridioides difficile produces spores; alcohol-based hand rubs cannot effectively kill spores, so soap and water must be used and the organism removed through the mechanical action of friction and rinsing. C. difficile requires contact precautions, not airborne precautions, so an N95 respirator or a negative-pressure room is not needed.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆強調針對腸道傳染病使用接觸隔離，但台灣臨床在資源限制下，對酒精乾洗手的依賴較高，需強化正確衛教。