— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
病人因嚴重的耐甲氧西林金黃色葡萄球菌（MRSA）感染需靜脈輸注萬古黴素（vancomycin）。輸注過程中護理師應優先評估下列何者？
A client is prescribed intravenous vancomycin for a severe MRSA infection. Which assessment finding should the nurse prioritize during the infusion?
- ABlood glucose levels血糖水平
- BPresence of red blotching on the face and neck✓ 正解臉部和頸部出現紅色斑塊
- CUrine output over the last 4 hours過去4小時的尿液排出量
- DPeak serum levels of the drug藥物血清峰值濃度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素常見副作用為「紅人症候群」（Red Man Syndrome），表現為臉部、頸部與上軀幹潮紅，係因輸注速度過快導致組織胺釋放所致。雖然腎毒性是長期風險，但急性輸注過程中，紅人症候群的立即偵測與減慢輸注速度是護理師最優先執行的安全介入。
A common side effect of vancomycin is 'Red Man Syndrome,' which presents as flushing of the face, neck, and upper trunk, caused by histamine release due to rapid infusion. Although nephrotoxicity is a long-term risk, during acute infusion, immediate detection of Red Man Syndrome and slowing the infusion rate are the most important safety interventions the nurse should prioritize.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床對於萬古黴素輸注皆要求緩慢給予（至少 60 分鐘），並嚴格監測 trough level 與觀察過敏或紅人反應。