病人正透過中心靜脈導管接受全靜脈營養(TPN)。為預防併發症，哪項措施是優先的？
A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) via a central venous catheter. Which action is the priority to prevent complications?
- AFlush the catheter with heparin every 4 hours每 4 小時以肝素沖洗導管
- BUse strict sterile technique when changing the dressing✓ 正解更換敷料時使用嚴格無菌技術
- CKeep the TPN refrigerated until immediate use將 TPN 冷藏直至即將使用前
- DChange the IV tubing every 24 hours每 24 小時更換靜脈輸液管路
全靜脈營養（TPN）含有高濃度的葡萄糖、氨基酸與脂質，是細菌生長的絕佳培養基。由於 TPN 需透過中心靜脈導管（CVC）輸注，這直接通往心臟大血管，一旦發生導管相關血液感染（CRBSI），後果極其嚴重。因此，護理師在進行換藥與維護管路時，必須執行嚴格的無菌技術（Sterile technique），這是預防感染最關鍵的護理行動。
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) contains high concentrations of glucose, amino acids, and lipids and is an excellent culture medium for bacteria. Because TPN must be infused through a central venous catheter (CVC) that connects directly to the great vessels near the heart, a catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) would have grave consequences. The nurse must therefore use strict sterile technique when changing dressings and maintaining the line; this is the most critical nursing action for preventing infection.