一位病人因胸痛處方舌下硝酸甘油（NTG）。護理師應提供哪項指導？
A client is prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin for chest pain. What instruction should the nurse provide to the client?
- AChew the tablet before swallowing吞服前先嚼碎藥片
- BSwallow the tablet with a full glass of water用一杯水送服藥片
- CWait for 30 minutes after taking the dose to call 911 if pain persists若疼痛未緩解，服藥後等待30分鐘再撥打911
- DPlace the tablet under the tongue and let it dissolve✓ 正解將藥片置於舌下並讓其自然溶解
舌下硝酸甘油（Sublingual nitroglycerin, NTG）是治療心絞痛（胸痛）的常用藥物，主要作用是擴張冠狀動脈和全身靜脈，減少心臟負荷，從而緩解心肌缺血。由於心絞痛可能迅速惡化為心肌梗塞，因此正確、迅速地給藥至關重要。護理師必須向病人提供清晰、準確的用藥指導，確保病人了解如何正確使用藥物，並在何時尋求緊急醫療協助。 本題旨在評估護理師對舌下硝酸甘油正確給藥方式和緊急處置原則的掌握。
Sublingual nitroglycerin (NTG) is a commonly used medication for angina (chest pain); it dilates the coronary arteries and systemic veins, decreases cardiac workload, and thereby relieves myocardial ischemia. Because angina can rapidly progress to myocardial infarction, correct and prompt administration is essential. The nurse must provide clear and accurate medication teaching to ensure the client knows how to take the drug correctly and when to seek emergency care. This question assesses the nurse's understanding of the correct method of administering sublingual nitroglycerin and the principles of emergency action.
舌下硝酸甘油的給藥方式和緊急處置流程在美國和台灣是完全一致的。護理師在兩地都會強調舌下含服、不可吞嚥或咀嚼，並教育病人若胸痛未緩解應立即尋求緊急醫療協助（在台灣是撥打119）。這是心血管急症處置的全球標準。