護理師準備皮下注射肝素（Heparin）。執行步驟時應包含哪些項目？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously. Which actions should the nurse include in the procedure? (Select all that apply.)
- AAdminister the injection in the abdomen at least 2 inches from the umbilicus✓ 正解在距離臍部至少 2 英吋的腹部注射
- BAspirate before injecting the medication注射前進行抽吸
- CMassage the site after injection to promote absorption注射後按摩注射部位以促進吸收
- DUse a 25- to 27-gauge needle✓ 正解使用 25 至 27 號針頭
- ERotate injection sites to prevent tissue damage✓ 正解輪替注射部位以防止組織損傷
肝素注射應選擇腹部皮下脂肪層，且需避開臍周 2 英吋區域以減少瘀青。使用細針（25-27G）可減少皮下出血。按摩注射部位會刺激血管導致出血或瘀血，故嚴禁按摩。抽吸（Aspiration）在皮下注射並非必要，且可能損傷組織。定期更換注射部位能有效降低皮下脂肪增生或纖維化風險。
Heparin injection should be administered into the subcutaneous fat layer of the abdomen, avoiding a 2-inch area around the umbilicus to minimize bruising. Using a small-gauge needle (25-27G) reduces subcutaneous bleeding. Massaging the injection site can irritate blood vessels and cause bleeding or hematoma and is therefore strictly prohibited. Aspiration is not necessary for subcutaneous injection and may damage tissue. Regular site rotation effectively reduces the risk of subcutaneous fat hypertrophy or fibrosis.
美國護理指引建議注射後不按摩；台灣部分資深護理師習慣可能仍保有按摩習慣，需落實實證護理。