— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師對高齡個案進行營養篩檢時，下列哪項評估是必要的？
Which of the following assessments is essential when performing a nutritional screening for an elderly client?
- AAbility to cook complex meals烹飪複雜餐點的能力
- BPreferences for spicy foods對辛辣食物的偏好
- CHistory of childhood nutrition童年營養史
- DPresence of unintended weight loss✓ 正解非預期體重減輕
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
非預期性體重減輕（Unintended weight loss）是老年人營養不良最敏感的指標，常與慢性疾病、憂鬱或牙齒問題相關。B 無臨床重要性；C 與目前狀況無關；A 雖然影響營養攝取，但相較於體重變化，體重減輕是更具體的評估起點。
Unintended weight loss is the most sensitive indicator of malnutrition in older adults and is often associated with chronic illness, depression, or dental problems. B has no clinical significance; C is unrelated to the current situation; and A, although it can affect nutritional intake, is less specific than weight change, so weight loss is a more concrete starting point for assessment.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國常使用 Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) 工具；台灣長照機構多依賴護理師的臨床觀察與體重變化記錄。