— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護一位新診斷為庫欣氏症候群的病人，下列哪些發現是護理師應預期的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of Cushing syndrome. Which findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
- ATruncal obesity✓ 正解軀幹性肥胖
- BPurple striae on the abdomen✓ 正解腹部紫紋
- CHypotension低血壓
- DMoon face✓ 正解月圓臉
- EHyperkalemia高血鉀
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
庫欣氏症候群（Cushing syndrome）是由於皮質醇長期過高所致。臨床典型表現包括向心性肥胖（Truncal obesity）、月亮臉（Moon face）、腹部紫紋（Purple striae）以及肌肉萎縮。皮質醇具備鹽皮質激素效應，會導致水鈉滯留引起高血壓，同時造成低血鉀，而非高血鉀。護理師應預期這些生理改變，並進行相應的衛教與監測。
Cushing syndrome results from chronic excess cortisol. Classic clinical features include truncal obesity, moon face, purple abdominal striae, and muscle wasting. Cortisol has mineralocorticoid activity that causes sodium and water retention with hypertension, while producing hypokalemia rather than hyperkalemia. The nurse should anticipate these physiologic changes and provide appropriate teaching and monitoring.