— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些措施適用於血小板減少症（thrombocytopenia）的病人？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions should be implemented for a client with thrombocytopenia? (Select all that apply.)
- AUse a soft-bristle toothbrush✓ 正解使用軟毛牙刷
- BAvoid intramuscular injections✓ 正解避免肌肉注射
- CUse an electric shaver✓ 正解使用電動刮鬍刀
- DEncourage heavy lifting to maintain strength鼓勵負重以維持肌力
- EMonitor for occult blood in stool✓ 正解監測糞便中是否有潛血
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
血小板減少症（Thrombocytopenia）病人因凝血功能障礙，出血風險極高。護理重點在於「出血防護」（Bleeding precautions），旨在避免任何可能引發外傷或內出血的行為。護理師需教導病人使用軟毛牙刷、電動刮鬍刀，並監測是否有皮下瘀血、牙齦出血或糞便潛血等徵象，同時嚴格限制任何侵入性注射。
Clients with thrombocytopenia have a very high risk of bleeding due to impaired clotting function. Nursing care focuses on bleeding precautions, aimed at avoiding any behavior that could cause external trauma or internal bleeding. The nurse should teach the client to use a soft-bristle toothbrush and an electric shaver, and to monitor for ecchymosis, gum bleeding, and occult blood in the stool, while strictly limiting any invasive injections.