— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師在照顧面臨死亡的個案時，預期會觀察到 Kübler-Ross 模型中「憤怒」階段的哪些行為？（選所有適合的）
Which behaviors should the nurse expect to see in a client experiencing the 'anger' stage of the Kübler-Ross model? (Select all that apply.)
- ABlaming the staff for poor care✓ 正解指責護理人員照護不周
- BExpressing feelings of hopelessness and crying表達絕望感並哭泣
- CDemanding perfection from the care team✓ 正解要求護理團隊做到完美
- DRefusing to acknowledge the terminal diagnosis拒絕接受末期診斷的事實
- ECriticizing the physician's treatment plan✓ 正解批評醫師的治療計畫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
憤怒階段（Anger）的特徵是將內在的痛苦轉化為對環境、醫護人員或上帝的投射與指責。A、C、E 均為憤怒情緒的體現。B 屬於憂鬱階段的特徵；D 屬於否認階段。護理師應理解這些攻擊行為源於內在痛苦，而非針對個人。
The anger stage is characterized by internal pain being projected onto the environment, healthcare staff, or God in the form of blame. Options A, C, and E all reflect anger. Option B describes characteristics of the depression stage, and option D describes denial. The nurse should understand that these aggressive behaviors arise from internal suffering and are not personally directed.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美式護理強調個案自主權與表達情緒；台式文化傾向隱忍與壓抑情緒，憤怒表現形式可能較為內斂或轉向家屬。