— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的個案，出現呼吸急促、心跳過速及瀕死感。護理師應優先採取哪項介入措施？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with rapid breathing, tachycardia, and a feeling of impending doom. Which intervention is the highest priority?
- ARemain with the client and maintain a calm demeanor✓ 正解留在病人身邊並保持鎮定的態度
- BAdminister the prescribed PRN anxiolytic medication給予處方備用抗焦慮藥物
- CInstruct the client to breathe slowly into a paper bag指示病人用紙袋緩慢呼吸
- DTeach the client deep breathing exercises immediately立即教導病人深呼吸練習
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
面對驚恐發作（Panic attack），病人的情緒處於極度不穩定狀態。首要任務是提供安全的環境與陪伴，透過護理師冷靜的外在表現（Calm demeanor）來緩解病人的焦慮感，預防情緒進一步失控，這是非藥物介入的核心基礎。
During a panic attack, the client's emotional state is extremely unstable. The first task is to provide a safe environment and presence; through the nurse's calm demeanor, the client's anxiety can be reduced and further loss of control prevented. This is the foundation of non-pharmacological intervention.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常主導緊急諮商；台灣臨床傾向立即由醫師評估是否給藥，護理師角色多為協助鎮靜。