護理師照護一位有 DNR（不施行心肺復甦術）醫囑的病人，家屬要求若心跳停止需進行 CPR。護理師應如何處理？
A nurse is caring for a client with a DNR order. The family is asking the nurse to perform CPR if the heart stops. What should the nurse do?
- APerform CPR if the family is insistent若家屬堅持則執行心肺復甦術
- BCall the physician to discuss the family's request聯絡醫師討論家屬的要求
- CAsk the hospital ethics committee to intervene immediately要求醫院倫理委員會立即介入
- DExplain that the DNR order must be honored despite the family's request✓ 正解解釋儘管有家屬要求，仍必須遵守 DNR 醫囑
DNR（Do Not Resuscitate）醫囑是病人在意識清楚時所做的自主醫療決定，具有法律效力。護理師的角色是維護病人的自主權（Autonomy）。當家屬要求進行與 DNR 相違背的 CPR 時，護理師應堅定且溫和地說明醫囑的法律效力，解釋這是對病人意願的尊重，而非放棄照顧。若家屬堅持，應由醫師與家屬進行法律與倫理層面的溝通。
A Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order is an autonomous medical decision the client made while competent and is legally binding. The nurse's role is to uphold the client's autonomy. When family members request CPR contrary to the DNR order, the nurse should firmly but compassionately explain the legal status of the order and clarify that honoring it represents respect for the client's wishes, not abandonment of care. If the family persists, the physician should be involved to address the legal and ethical aspects with the family.
在美國，DNR 醫囑的法律效力極強，若違背病人 DNR 意願進行急救，護理師可能面臨嚴重的法律訴訟（Battery）。