護理師準備對低血鉀病人靜脈給予氯化鉀。給藥前最重要確認的評估數據為何？
A nurse is preparing to administer intravenous potassium chloride to a client with hypokalemia. Which assessment is most important to verify before infusion?
- ASerum sodium level血清鈉濃度
- BBlood pressure reading血壓讀數
- CPeripheral capillary refill time周邊毛細血管再充盈時間
- DUrine output✓ 正解尿液排出量
氯化鉀（Potassium Chloride, KCl）主要經由腎臟代謝排泄。在給予靜脈輸注鉀離子前，確保病人的腎功能正常是護理安全的核心原則。若病人無尿（anuria）或尿量不足（<30 mL/hr），會導致鉀離子迅速蓄積，進而引發致命性高血鉀，導致嚴重心律不整（如心室顫動）甚至心跳停止。因此，評估尿量是防止醫源性高血鉀的第一防線。
Potassium chloride (KCl) is excreted primarily by the kidneys. Before administering IV potassium, ensuring adequate renal function is a core nursing safety principle. If the client is anuric or has inadequate urine output (< 30 mL/hr), potassium will accumulate rapidly and may precipitate life-threatening hyperkalemia, leading to serious arrhythmias (such as ventricular fibrillation) or cardiac arrest. Therefore, assessing urine output is the first line of defense against iatrogenic hyperkalemia.