護理師應採取哪些措施以預防病人跌倒？（選所有適合的）
Which actions should the nurse prioritize to prevent a client from falling? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep the bed in the lowest position✓ 正解將病床保持在最低位置
- BPlace call light within reach✓ 正解將呼叫鈴放在伸手可及之處
- CApply four-side bed rails安裝四邊床欄
- DOrient the client to the environment✓ 正解讓病人熟悉環境
- EEnsure the floor is free of clutter✓ 正解確保地板沒有雜物
預防病人跌倒是病房安全管理的核心任務。護理措施應結合環境評估與病人教育。保持病床低位、確保呼叫鈴在病人隨手可及處、協助病人進行環境定向感訓練（Orient to environment），以及保持走道無障礙物，皆是預防跌倒的黃金準則。四邊護欄升起通常被視為約束，除非有醫師醫囑，否則不應隨意使用以免病人翻越反而導致更嚴重的跌倒傷害。
Preventing client falls is a core safety responsibility on an inpatient unit. Nursing interventions combine environmental assessment with client education. Keeping the bed in the lowest position, ensuring the call light is within reach, orienting the client to the environment, and keeping pathways free of clutter are gold-standard fall-prevention measures. Raising all four side rails is generally considered a restraint and should not be used without a provider's order, because it may actually cause more serious falls when clients attempt to climb over the rails.