— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
在醫院中，哪位病人跌倒風險最高？
Which client is at the highest risk for falls in the hospital?
- AA 50-year-old with a stable blood pressure一位血壓穩定的50歲病人
- BA 40-year-old postoperative patient一位40歲的術後病人
- CA 75-year-old taking diuretics and sedatives✓ 正解一位75歲且服用利尿劑與鎮靜劑的病人
- DA 25-year-old with a broken arm一位手臂骨折的25歲病人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
跌倒風險評估（Fall Risk Assessment）需綜合考量病人的生理狀況、藥物副作用及環境因素。老年人常伴隨本體感覺與平衡能力下降，若同時服用利尿劑（增加頻尿與姿勢性低血壓風險）及鎮靜劑（抑制中樞神經，影響反應與判斷力），其跌倒風險會呈現加乘效應。相較於單純骨折或術後短期恢復的病人，這類多重藥物影響的老年人是臨床上最需要防跌介入的族群。
A 75-year-old client taking diuretics and sedatives is at the highest risk for falls due to the synergistic effects of age-related balance decline and medication side effects. Diuretics can cause orthostatic hypotension and frequent urination, while sedatives depress the central nervous system, impairing reaction time and judgment.