— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導病人居家消防安全，下列何者正確？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about fire safety at home. Which information is correct? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep a fire extinguisher in the kitchen✓ 正解在廚房放置滅火器
- BDevelop and practice an escape plan✓ 正解制定並演練逃生計畫
- CInstall smoke detectors on every floor✓ 正解在各樓層安裝煙霧偵測器
- DUse a space heater near curtains to keep warm將電暖器靠近窗簾以保持溫暖
- ECheck batteries in smoke detectors twice a year✓ 正解每半年檢查煙霧偵測器的電池
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
居家消防安全是降低意外傷害的核心護理衛教。正確的應變策略包括：於高風險區（廚房）配置滅火器以便即時控制初期火勢；確保每層樓皆有煙霧偵測器以提升警覺；定期測試電池（建議每半年，或依指示）確保功能正常；以及制定並演練全家人的逃生計畫，確保火災發生時能迅速撤離。臨床思路應優先考慮預防（Prevention）與環境安全（Safety）。
Home fire safety education should emphasize prevention and preparedness. Clients should keep fire extinguishers in high-risk areas like the kitchen, install smoke detectors on every floor, and check their batteries regularly. Additionally, developing and practicing an escape plan ensures a calm and rapid response during an emergency.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國消防協會（NFPA）建議煙霧探測器至少每月測試一次，每年更換電池，或使用十年長效型電池。此處「兩次」為常見考試情境中確保維護頻率的最低安全要求。