— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師準備靜脈注射苯妥英（Phenytoin）。哪項安全防護措施至關重要？
A nurse is administering a dose of phenytoin intravenously. What is a critical safety precaution?
- AFlush with 5% Dextrose in water以5%葡萄糖溶液沖管
- BMonitor blood pressure every 5 minutes每5分鐘監測血壓
- CUse an inline filter使用線上過濾器
- DAdminister at a rate no faster than 50 mg/min✓ 正解給藥速率不得超過50 mg/min
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
苯妥英（Phenytoin）靜脈輸注時，速度過快會導致嚴重心律不整、低血壓或心搏停止。標準安全原則是輸注速率不得超過 50 mg/min。此外，該藥物與許多靜脈輸液（如葡萄糖液）不相容，通常需用生理鹽水沖洗管路。
When phenytoin is administered intravenously, infusing too rapidly can cause severe arrhythmias, hypotension, or cardiac arrest. The standard safety rule is that the infusion rate must not exceed 50 mg/min. In addition, phenytoin is incompatible with many IV solutions (such as dextrose), so the line is generally flushed with normal saline.
✦ 台美臨床差異
此藥物在臨床上的給藥規範嚴格，兩地均強調輸注速度與生理鹽水的兼容性。