護理師正給予一位病人萬古黴素（vancomycin）的靜脈輸注。護理師應密切監測哪個實驗室檢驗結果？
A nurse is administering an IV infusion of vancomycin to a client. The nurse should monitor which laboratory test result closely?
- APlatelet count血小板計數
- BProthrombin time凝血酶原時間
- CHemoglobin A1c糖化血色素
- DSerum creatinine✓ 正解血清肌酸酐
萬古黴素（Vancomycin）屬於醣肽類抗生素，主要經由腎臟排泄。其最顯著的副作用為腎毒性（Nephrotoxicity），表現為血清肌酐酸（Serum creatinine）與尿素氮（BUN）升高。在臨床給藥過程中，護理師必須密切監測腎功能指標，並根據醫囑監測「波谷濃度」（Trough level），以避免藥物蓄積導致毒性反應。監測肌酐酸能及早發現腎功能受損跡象，是維護病人安全的重要預防措施。
Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic that is excreted primarily by the kidneys. Its most significant adverse effect is nephrotoxicity, which manifests as elevations in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). During clinical administration, the nurse must closely monitor indicators of renal function and, per provider orders, monitor trough levels to avoid drug accumulation and toxicity. Monitoring creatinine allows for early detection of renal impairment and is an important safeguard for patient safety.