病人因嚴重感染被處方靜脈滴注萬古黴素（Vancomycin）。輸注期間，護理師應優先評估哪項發現？
A client is prescribed IV vancomycin for a severe infection. Which finding should the nurse prioritize during the infusion?
- AIncreased urine output尿量增加
- BMild redness at the IV site靜脈穿刺處輕微發紅
- CDrowsiness嗜睡
- DGeneralized flushing and hypotension✓ 正解全身性潮紅和低血壓
萬古黴素（Vancomycin）輸注過程中，最常見且具危險性的副作用是「紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）」。這是由於藥物輸注速度過快，導致組織胺釋放，引起全身性潮紅、低血壓與搔癢。護理師必須優先評估此項，若出現症狀，應立即減慢或暫停輸注並通知醫師。其他選項雖為潛在副作用，但不如紅人症候群引起的血流動力學不穩定來得危急。
During vancomycin infusion, the most common and dangerous adverse reaction is "Red Man Syndrome." This is caused by infusing the drug too rapidly, which leads to histamine release and produces generalized flushing, hypotension, and itching. The nurse must assess for this first; if symptoms occur, the infusion should be slowed or paused immediately, and the physician notified. Although the other options are also potential adverse effects, they are less acutely dangerous than the hemodynamic instability caused by Red Man Syndrome.
在美國臨床實務中，對於萬古黴素的輸注速率有嚴格規定（通常為每克至少 60 分鐘），護理師若懷疑紅人症候群，除了減慢輸注，通常會依醫囑給予抗組織胺（如 Diphenhydramine）。