— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照顧一位厭食症病人，哪些心理社會照護措施是必要的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with anorexia nervosa. Which nursing actions are essential for psychosocial care? (Select all that apply.)
- AMonitor weight daily after the first voiding✓ 正解首次排尿後每日監測體重
- BObserve the client for at least one hour after meals✓ 正解進餐後至少觀察病人一小時
- CAllow the client to choose their own meal plan允許病人自行選擇飲食計畫
- DFocus discussions primarily on nutritional intake and weight gain討論主要聚焦於營養攝取和體重增加
- EEstablish a structured routine for daily activities✓ 正解建立每日活動的結構化常規
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
厭食症照護核心在於安全與行為控制。每日晨間空腹量體重是客觀評估的基礎；飯後監測一小時可防制病患催吐；建立結構化的生活作息則能降低病患焦慮感並增加控制感。飲食選擇需受限於營養目標，且對話不應過度專注於體重以免強化病理觀點。
Care for anorexia nervosa focuses on safety and behavioral control. Daily morning weights after voiding provide an objective baseline; observing the client for at least one hour after meals prevents purging; and structured daily routines reduce anxiety and provide a sense of control. Meal choices must be guided by nutritional goals, and conversations should not focus excessively on weight, as this reinforces the disordered thinking.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常參與跨領域團隊的行為契約擬定，台灣則較常由醫師主導飲食計畫並依賴護理師執行監控與記錄。