護理師正在照顧一位有跌倒病史的病人。該病人被處方使用鎮靜劑。護理師應向病人及其家屬強調下列哪項指導？
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of falls. The client is prescribed a sedative. Which instruction should the nurse emphasize to the client and their family?
- AReport any unusual dreams報告任何異常夢境
- BIncrease fluid intake to prevent dehydration增加水分攝取以預防脫水
- CTake the medication at bedtime only僅在睡前服用藥物
- DAvoid driving or operating heavy machinery✓ 正解避免駕駛或操作重型機械
鎮靜劑（Sedatives）會抑制中樞神經系統，導致病人警覺性下降、肌肉協調能力變差及反應遲緩，這些副作用對於有跌倒病史的病人而言，是極高的安全風險因子。護理師必須教育病人與家屬，避免從事需要高度專注或精細動作的活動，以防止意外發生。在 NCLEX 考試中，安全（Safety）永遠是護理工作的核心目標，給予病人明確的活動限制指導，能有效降低跌倒後續帶來的傷害。
Sedatives suppress the central nervous system, causing decreased alertness, poor muscle coordination, and slowed reactions. These adverse effects pose a very high safety risk for clients with a history of falls. The nurse must teach the client and family to avoid activities that require concentration or fine motor skills to prevent accidents. On the NCLEX, safety is always the central goal of nursing practice, and providing clear activity-limitation guidance effectively reduces injury from falls.