— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人因憂鬱症處方服用苯乙肼（Phenelzine，MAOI）。病人哪項食物選擇代表其理解飲食限制？
A client is prescribed phenelzine for depression. Which food choice by the client demonstrates an understanding of the dietary restrictions?
- ASoy sauce marinated beef and avocado醬油醃製牛肉與酪梨
- BA glass of red wine and aged cheddar一杯紅酒與熟成切達起司
- CPepperoni pizza with extra cheese加起司的辣味臘腸披薩
- DGrilled chicken with a side of broccoli✓ 正解烤雞肉配西蘭花
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Phenelzine 是一種單胺氧化酶抑制劑（MAOI）。服用 MAOI 時必須遵循低酪胺（Low-tyramine）飲食，以預防高血壓危象。應避免的含酪胺食物包括：發酵食品、熟成起司、醃製肉類（如 pepperoni）、酒精（尤其紅酒）、大豆製品及過熟的水果。烤雞與青花菜不含高酪胺，是安全選擇。
Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Clients taking MAOIs must follow a low-tyramine diet to prevent hypertensive crisis. Tyramine-containing foods to avoid include fermented foods, aged cheeses, cured meats (such as pepperoni), alcohol (especially red wine), soy products, and overripe fruits. Grilled chicken and broccoli do not contain high levels of tyramine and are safe choices.
✦ 台美臨床差異
MAOIs 在美國臨床仍有使用但非首選，NCLEX 必考；台灣使用較少，臨床護理師對此飲食衛教的熟悉度可能較低。