— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位胸腔積液病人，哪項護理措施最有效？
Which of the following nursing interventions is most effective for a client with a pleural effusion?
- AAdministering antibiotics給予抗生素
- BAssisting with thoracentesis✓ 正解協助進行胸腔穿刺術
- CEncouraging a low-sodium diet鼓勵低鈉飲食
- DMaintaining a supine position維持仰臥姿勢
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
胸腔積液（Pleural effusion）導致肺部受壓，影響呼吸。胸腔穿刺術（Thoracentesis）可直接抽除積液，擴張肺部，是改善呼吸窘迫最快且有效的方法。其他選項如減鈉、抗生素僅是輔助或針對病因處理。
A pleural effusion compresses the lung and impairs respiration. Thoracentesis directly removes the fluid, allowing lung re-expansion, and is the fastest and most effective method for relieving respiratory distress. Other options such as sodium restriction or antibiotics are only adjunctive measures or address the underlying etiology.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣胸腔穿刺多由專科醫師執行，美國部分進階護理師（NP）亦可執行此操作。