一位患有廣泛性焦慮症的 35 歲個案出現呼吸急促、心跳過速及強烈瀕死感。護理師應採取的優先行動為何？
A 35-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with rapid breathing, tachycardia, and a sense of impending doom. Which action is the priority for the nurse?
- ATeach the client deep breathing exercises教導個案深呼吸練習
- BAsk the client to explain the source of their anxiety請個案解釋其焦慮的來源
- CAdminister the prescribed PRN anxiolytic medication給予處方備用抗焦慮藥物
- DStay with the client and provide a calm, quiet environment✓ 正解陪伴個案並提供平靜、安靜的環境
面對恐慌發作（Panic attack）的個案，護理師的首要行動是提供「具體的安全感」。陪伴並維持冷靜、安靜的環境，能幫助個案降低焦慮強度。在個案處於恐慌巔峰時，強迫其進行認知分析（如詢問焦慮來源）或進行複雜的教學（如深呼吸教學），往往會增加個案壓力。應先穩定情緒，待症狀緩解後再進行衛教或藥物評估。
When dealing with a client experiencing a panic attack, the nurse's first action is to provide a concrete sense of safety. Staying with the client and maintaining a calm, quiet environment helps reduce the intensity of anxiety. When the client is at the peak of the panic, forcing cognitive analysis (such as asking about the source of the anxiety) or providing complex teaching (such as instruction in deep breathing) tends to add to the client's stress. Emotions should be stabilized first, and education or medication evaluation should be performed only after symptoms have subsided.